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Antibody-drug conjugate (TROP2/DXd)

Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd)

Datroway · DatoDXd

Antibody-drug conjugate (TROP2/DXd) · approved 2025 · 6 references

A 2025 TROP2 deruxtecan ADC — proximal-tubular risk extrapolated from the ADC class.

Signature injury
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Severity
Moderate
Reversibility
Variable
Onset
Not well characterized (recent approval); by class analogy a subacute tubular pattern during cumulative dosing.

Signature kidney injury & incidence

Acute Tubular Necrosis.

Renal signal is theoretical and not yet quantified, extrapolated from the ADC class. In TROPION-PanTumor01 and the phase III TROPION-Breast01 the dominant toxicities were mucosal (stomatitis ~50%) and ocular events, nausea, and interstitial lung disease; grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events were lower than chemotherapy (~21%), and kidney-specific events were not prominent.

Source: Bardia et al., J Clin Oncol 2024 (TROPION-Breast01)

Reported injury signatures: Acute Tubular Necrosis, Glomerular Injury / Proteinuria.

Renal toxicity profile

  1. Acute Tubular NecrosisPrimary
  2. Glomerular Injury / ProteinuriaSecondary

Onset timing & rechallenge

Subacute (~1–6 weeks) — Not well characterized given recent approval, but by class analogy a subacute tubular pattern emerges during cumulative dosing.

Mechanism of kidney injury

The class-based concern is proximal-tubular handling of ADC catabolites: filtered or megalin/cubilin-endocytosed conjugate and released membrane-permeable DXd payload could concentrate in proximal tubular epithelial cells and cause topoisomerase-I-mediated tubular injury (acute tubular necrosis). For deruxtecan ADCs specifically, robust human renal data are lacking. Related ADCs provide the precedent for vigilance — e.g., biopsy-proven collapsing FSGS and tubular injury reported with ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) — so both a tubular (ATN) and rare glomerular pattern are biologically plausible.

Clinical presentation

If it occurs, a creatinine rise consistent with tubular injury, possibly with low-grade tubular proteinuria, glucosuria or electrolyte wasting; renal events were not a leading toxicity in trials. Watch instead for the characteristic stomatitis, dry eye/keratitis and ILD that dominate the safety profile.

Management

Supportive care and dose modification/hold per label if renal function declines; nephrology input and consideration of biopsy for unexplained or significant AKI to distinguish ATN from a glomerular ADC lesion.

Risk factors

  • Pre-existing CKD
  • Concurrent nephrotoxins
  • Volume depletion (mucositis-related poor intake)
  • Higher cumulative exposure

Prevention

  • Maintain hydration, especially with stomatitis-related poor intake
  • Hold for unexplained AKI and investigate

Renal dose adjustment

No dosage adjustment is recommended for CLcr 30 to <90 mL/min; however, the label reports a higher incidence of ILD/pneumonitis in that band, so monitor those patients more closely for respiratory and other adverse reactions. Pharmacokinetics of the ADC and of DXd below CLcr 30 are unknown and ESKD is unstudied. Modify dose/hold for toxicity per label. The antibody component is not renally cleared; small-molecule payload exposure in advanced CKD is not well defined.

Dialyzability & ESKD dosing

The IgG–ADC is not dialyzable; the released small-molecule DXd payload's dialyzability is not characterized. No ESKD dosing guidance — use clinical judgment and close monitoring.

Differential diagnosis

Distinguish potential ADC tubular injury (ATN, bland-to-tubular sediment) from pre-renal AKI driven by mucositis/poor intake, from a glomerular ADC lesion (proteinuria, by analogy to T-DM1 collapsing FSGS), and from concurrent nephrotoxins; biopsy resolves ambiguous significant AKI.

Monitoring

  • Urinalysis (proteinuria/glucosuria) if creatinine rises
  • Vigilance for ILD (the priority class toxicity), stomatitis and ocular symptoms
  • Hydration/intake status

Key trials & series

  • TROPION-PanTumor01 (Shimizu JCO 2023) first-in-human
  • TROPION-Breast01 (Bardia JCO 2024) phase III HR+/HER2−
  • TROPION-Breast02 (TNBC) and TROPION-Lung program

Clinical pearls

  • The renal signature is class extrapolation — published kidney events with Dato-DXd are not prominent; the real toxicities to watch are ILD, stomatitis and ocular surface disease.
  • Precedent for ADC renal injury comes from T-DM1 (collapsing FSGS, tubular injury) — keep biopsy on the table for unexplained AKI.
  • Stomatitis-driven dehydration can cause pre-renal AKI that mimics intrinsic toxicity — assess volume first.
  • Antibody is not dialyzed; ESKD dosing is undefined — monitor closely.

Anticancer mechanism

TROP2 (trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2)-directed antibody-drug conjugate; a humanized anti-TROP2 IgG1 linked via a cleavable tetrapeptide linker to the topoisomerase-I inhibitor payload deruxtecan (DXd, an exatecan derivative). After TROP2 binding and internalization the payload is released and kills the target cell with membrane-permeable bystander activity. Approved for TROP2-expressing HR+/HER2− breast cancer and EGFR-mutant NSCLC.

Note

An emerging, clinician-flagged signal, 2025 approval; the proximal-tubular ATN signature is conservative class extrapolation, not established drug-specific data. The clinically dominant toxicities are mucosal, ocular and pulmonary (ILD), not renal.

Guidelines & consensus

Each recommendation below is this atlas's faithful summary of the source, not a quotation from it — follow the PubMed link for the wording the society published. Summaries may be superseded; consult the current full text and individualize to the patient.

  • ADQI (2026) — The nephrotoxic effects of anti-cancer therapies: consensus report of the 34th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroupProvides expert-based statements (modified Delphi) on preventing and managing cisplatin/platinum-associated AKI, including isotonic IV hydration, attention to volume status and concomitant nephrotoxins, and incorporates evidence that IV magnesium supplementation may reduce cisplatin-associated AKI; emphasizes risk stratification and standardized AKI definitions.Nat Rev Nephrol · PMID 41361704
  • SIRM (2022) — SIRM-SIN-AIOM: appropriateness criteria for evaluation and prevention of renal damage in the patient undergoing contrast medium examinations-consensus statements from Italian College of Radiology (SIRM), Italian College of Nephrology (SIN) and Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM)Recommends eGFR-based renal risk assessment and pre/post-contrast isotonic saline or sodium bicarbonate hydration; advises maintaining a 5-7 day interval between iodinated contrast administration and cisplatin in cancer patients to reduce additive nephrotoxicity.Radiol Med · PMID 35303246
  • KDIGO (2020) — KDIGO Controversies Conference on onco-nephrology: understanding kidney impairment and solid-organ malignancies, and managing kidney cancerIdentifies platinum compounds (especially cisplatin) as leading cytotoxic causes of acute tubular injury, AKI, and electrolyte/magnesium wasting; calls for interdisciplinary onco-nephrology care, accurate GFR estimation, and individualized drug dosing in patients with reduced kidney function.Kidney Int · PMID 33126977
  • KDIGO (2020) — KDIGO Controversies Conference on onco-nephrology: kidney disease in hematological malignancies and the burden of cancer after kidney transplantationAddresses chemotherapy-associated AKI/CKD in hematologic cancer, GFR estimation and chemotherapy dosing in patients with reduced kidney function, and management priorities and research gaps for onco-nephrology care.Kidney Int · PMID 33276867
  • ADDIKD (2025) — Integrating International Consensus Guidelines for Anticancer Drug Dosing in Kidney Dysfunction (ADDIKD) into everyday practiceProvides GRADE-based, drug-specific dose-adjustment recommendations for anticancer agents in kidney dysfunction (illustrated for methotrexate, cisplatin, carboplatin and nivolumab); the recommendations build on Part 1's standardised CKD-EPI eGFR assessment rather than Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance.EClinicalMedicine · PMID 40290844
  • ADDIKD (2025) — Aligning kidney function assessment in patients with cancer to global practices in internal medicineThree consensus recommendations: assess kidney function by GFR (measured GFR or CKD-EPI eGFR), classify it using KDIGO categories, and use this uniform approach to dose anticancer drugs — moving cancer medicine away from Cockcroft-Gault estimated creatinine clearance.EClinicalMedicine · PMID 40290845
  • ADDIKD (2025) — A methodology for determining dosing recommendations for anticancer drugs in patients with reduced kidney functionEstablishes that, where RCT evidence is lacking, anticancer drug dosing recommendations in kidney dysfunction should be derived by critically appraising observational literature via GRADE combined with structured international multidisciplinary consensus voting.EClinicalMedicine · PMID 40290846
  • KDIGO (2013) — Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of acute kidney injury: a KDIGO summary (Part 1)Defines/stages AKI by serum creatinine and urine output; emphasizes avoiding nephrotoxins, maintaining euvolemia/perfusion, dose-adjusting drugs to kidney function, and monitoring high-risk patients — the framework applied to nephrotoxic anti-cancer agents.Crit Care · PMID 23394211
  • KDIGO (2024) — Executive summary of the KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: known knowns and known unknownsEvaluate and risk-stratify CKD, manage to delay progression and its complications, and practise explicit medication management and drug stewardship — the framework the atlas's G1–G5 eGFR banding and every renal dose-adjustment recommendation sit inside. Because the guideline excludes dialysis and transplant recipients by its own statement of scope, its recommendations do not carry to those settings, where this atlas's dialyzability and post-transplant guidance rests on other sources.Kidney Int · PMID 38519239
  • KDIGO (2021) — Executive summary of the KDIGO 2021 Guideline for the Management of Glomerular DiseasesProvides the staging/treatment framework for drug-associated glomerular lesions (e.g., bisphosphonate- and interferon-related collapsing FSGS, VEGF-inhibitor podocytopathy/proteinuria), including immunosuppression and supportive RAAS-blockade strategies.Kidney Int · PMID 34556300
  • KDIGO (2024) — Executive summary of the KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of ANCA-Associated VasculitisUpdates immunosuppressive induction (rituximab/cyclophosphamide), incorporates avacopan and lower-dose or glucocorticoid-sparing regimens — the management framework for drug- and checkpoint-inhibitor-associated ANCA/pauci-immune glomerulonephritis.Kidney Int · PMID 38388147
  • KDIGO (2024) — Executive summary of the KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Lupus NephritisUpdates first-line lupus nephritis therapy to combination immunosuppression with the addition of belimumab or a calcineurin inhibitor (voclosporin) — informs management of immune-complex/lupus-like glomerulonephritis encountered with immunotherapy.Kidney Int · PMID 38182299
  • KDIGO (2025) — Executive summary of the KDIGO 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN) and Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis (IgAV)Encourages liberal kidney biopsy and stricter proteinuria control (<0.5 g/d, ideally <0.3 g/d) with RAAS blockers, SGLT2 inhibitors, and targeted-release budesonide — the framework for IgA-dominant glomerular lesions, including those triggered by immune-modulating cancer therapy.Kidney Int · PMID 40975525

References

6 peer-reviewed references. Citation metadata via PubMed / NLM.

  1. 1.Datopotamab Deruxtecan Versus Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Inoperable/Metastatic Hormone Receptor-Positive Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer: Primary Results From TROPION-Breast01.Bardia A et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2024 · PMID 39265124
  2. 2.First-in-Human, Phase I Dose-Escalation and Dose-Expansion Study of Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate Datopotamab Deruxtecan in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: TROPION-PanTumor01.Shimizu T et al. · J Clin Oncol · 2023 · PMID 37327461
  3. 3.TROPION-Breast02: Datopotamab deruxtecan for locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.Dent RA et al. · Future Oncol · 2023 · PMID 37526149
  4. 4.Case Report: Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis After Initiation of Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine Therapy.Hakroush S et al. · Front Oncol · 2021 · PMID 34912725
  5. 5.Recent advances in therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer.Su PL et al. · J Hematol Oncol · 2025 · PMID 40140911
  6. 6.Renal Side Effects of Novel Molecular Targeted Oncologic Agents.Fenoglio R et al. · G Ital Nefrol · 2023 · PMID 38007829
Educational monograph from NephTox (nephtox.com). Not medical advice — verify against current guidelines before any clinical decision.